Hva er placebo? Hvordan virker det? Og bør vi bruke den? De fleste har hørt om det, men de fleste har ikke satt seg inn i hva det egentlig er. Ars Ethica forsøker derfor å ta for seg placebo denne uken, dels for egen opplysning og dels for andres. Følgende tema legges ut de neste dagene:
- Hva er placebo?
- Hvordan virker placebo?
- Hvordan virker medisiner som ikke virker?
- Sannheten om placebomytene
- Hvordan kan vi bruke placeboeffekten?
Post Script: At Ars Ethica har hatt litt lavere aktivitet enn normalt den siste tiden kommer delvis av lite fritid, og delvis av at de gangene jeg tidligere har skrevet om tema som går over flere poster, blir de siste postene gjerne et skikkelig mas å få skrevet. Så nå skrev jeg ferdig (nesten) alt før jeg la ut noe som helst, og jeg har brukt en del tid på å lage og finne gode figurer for å illustrere stoffet. Resultatet er litt mer ujevn posting, men en gladere blogger og kanskje også høyere kvalitet på stoffet som legges ut. Tilbakemeldinger fra nye og gamle lesere mottas med takk :)
Kilder:
- M Flaten “Placebo” (foredrag januar 2008 i regi av Forum for Sammensatte Lidelser/Psykosomatikk). Professor Flaten arbeider til daglig ved Institutt for Psykologi, Universitetet i Tromsø. Gjort tilgjengelig med forfatterens tillatelse og
- H Benson & R Friedman “Harnessing the Power of the Placebo Effect and Renaming It “Remembered Wellness”, Annu. Rev. Med 1996.47:193-199
- A Hróbjartsson & PC Gøtzsche “Is the placebo powerless? Update of a systematic review with 52 new randomized trials comparing placebo with no treatment” Journal of Internal Medicine 2004; 256: 91–100.
- F Miller & D Rosenstein “The nature and power of the placebo effect” Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2006.59:331–335.
- G Pacheco-López et al “Expectations and associations that heal: Immunomodulatory placebo eVects and its neurobiology” Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 2006.20:430–446
- A Hróbjartsson et al “Blinded trials taken to the test: an analysis of randomized clinical trials that report tests for the success of blinding” International Journal of Epidemiology 2007.36:654–663.
- E Ernst “Placebo: new insights into an old enigma”, Drug Discovery Today 2007.12:n9/10
- S Novella, “The Role of Anecdotes in Science-Based Medicine”
http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/
30 jan 2008
- Wikipedia: Placebo
16 Comments
Takk for bra førsteartikkel – og ser fram til å lese resten! Kommer til å henvise til de grafene når mine “alternative” venner blir for masete i sine lovprisninger av påstått “healing” …
I mellomtiden koser jeg meg med Daniel E. Moermans bok Meaning, Medicine, and the “Placebo Effect” (Cambridge University Press). Kort omtale her:
http://www.capris.no/product.aspx?isbn=0521000874
Håper du også kommer inn på “nocebo” i dine følgende artikler, eller på annen måte:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocebo
Nocebo-responsen har jeg sett utfolde seg i all sin gru …
Takk for kommentarer :) Jeg kunne gått veldig detaljert til verks om placeboeffekten (hvilke hjerneområder som er involvert osv), men går nok relativt overfladisk til verket. Nocebo er interessant, men jeg har ikke skrevet så mye om det utover at det enkelt sagt kan sies å være det samme som “negative forventninger og stress”.
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[...] kan vi bruke placeboeffekten? Vi vet altså at placebo virker, om enn kun på smerter og enkelte psykiske symptomer. Placeboeffekten virker [...]
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